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NASA/IPAC EXTRAGALACTIC DATABASE Date and Time of the Query: 2019-02-18 T22:54:36 PST Help | Comment | NED Home

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Velocity(km/s): Unconstrained
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Parameters for Distances and Cosmology: H_o= 73.0; Ω_matter = 0.27; Ω_vacuum = 0.73;
Derived Quantities use a Redshift corrected to a Reference Frame defined by the 3K CMB

Detailed Information for Object No. 1

INDEX for MESSIER 108

Essential Data (jump to sub-section of this query report):

Essential Note
Cross-IDs
Coordinates
Basic Data
Quantities Derived from Redshift
Redshift-Independent Distances
Quick-Look Photometry and Luminosities
Quick-Look Angular and Physical Sizes
Classifications
Foreground Galactic Extinction
External Services

Detailed Data (NED queries):

140 Photometric data point(s) and SED

Spectra
Redshift-Independent Distances
432 Reference(s)
31 Position data point(s)
22 Redshift data point(s)
7 Diameter data point(s)
15 Note(s)
UGC data
RC3 data

ESSENTIAL NOTE for MESSIER 108 (Back to INDEX)

N/A

CROSS-IDENTIFICATIONS for MESSIER 108 (Back to INDEX)

Object Names	Type	Object Names	Type
MESSIER 108	G	NSA 034605	G
NGC 3556	G	NSA 138917	G
UGC 06225	G	PGC 034030	G
CGCG 267-048	G	UZC J111131.2+554025	G
CGCG 268-001	G	11HUGS 224	G
CGCG 1108.5+5556	G	87GB 110837.4+555624	RadioS
MCG +09-18-098	G	87GB[BWE91] 1108+5556	RadioS
2MFGC 08733	G	[WB92] 1108+5556	RadioS
2MASX J11113096+5540268	IrS	NVSS J111130+554027	RadioS
2MASS J11113091+5540275	IrS	6C B110835.2+555638	RadioS
SDSS J111131.06+554027.4	G	NVGRC J111130.8+554027	RadioS
IRAS 11085+5556	IrS	1AXG J111128+5540	XrayS
IRAS F11085+5556	IrS	[SLK2004] 0604	IrS
AKARI J1111311+554024	IrS	[RHM2006] SFGs 047	G
ISOSS J11116+5540	IrS	[LG2007] 31	G
KIG 0469	G
LDCE 0867 NED008	G

COORDINATES for MESSIER 108 (Back to INDEX)

Position Reference:20032MASX.C.......:

Reference    Frame     Longitude    Latitude        RA           DEC      Uncertainty Ellipse (arcsec)
                       (degrees)   (degrees)                              Semimajor Semiminor  PA(deg)
Equatorial (B1950.0)  167.149857   55.945851  11h08m35.96s  +55d56m45.1s  1.25E+00  1.25E+00    0
Equatorial (J2000.0)  167.879042   55.674111  11h11m30.97s  +55d40m26.8s  1.25E+00  1.25E+00    0
Ecliptic   (B1950.0)  140.885937   45.279886                              1.25E+00  1.25E+00    0
Ecliptic   (J2000.0)  141.589827   45.283566                              1.25E+00  1.25E+00    0
Galactic              148.314482   56.251842                              1.25E+00  1.25E+00    0
SuperGalactic          56.942028   -0.762173                              1.25E+00  1.25E+00    0

Additional detailed measurements with references are also available by clicking below:
31 Position data point(s)

REDSHIFT-INDEPENDENT DISTANCES for MESSIER 108 (Back to INDEX)

21 Distances found in NED View 21 Individual Distance Measurement(s) for MESSIER 108

Summary Statistics computed by NED from 21 Distance(s) in the literature:
NOTE: These summary statistics are provided for "quick-look" reference only;
they are based exclusively on original values, as published.
No homogenization or corrections have been applied.

MESSIER 108	Distance Modulus (mag)	Metric Distance (Mpc)
Mean	29.81	9.580
Std. Dev.	0.62	3.205
Min.	29.23	7.010
Max.	31.43	19.300
Median	29.60	8.330

CLASSIFICATIONS (TYPES, ATTRIBUTES) for MESSIER 108 (Back to INDEX)

Type	As Published	NED Homogenized	Flag	Reference Code
Hierarchy	I	Isolated galaxy	...	1973AISAO...8....3K
Kinematics	HI line width	HI line width	...	1985A&A...143..216H
Luminosity Class	6.0	LC III-IV	...	1991RC3.9.C...0000d
Galaxy Morphology	SB(s)cd edge-on	SB(s)cd edge-on	...	1991RC3.9.C...0000d
Distance Indicator	Tully-Fisher	Tully-Fisher	...	2009ApJS..182..474S

47 Detailed Classification(s)

FOREGROUND GALACTIC EXTINCTION for MESSIER 108 (Back to INDEX)

Galactic Extinction from the Schlafly & Finkbeiner 2011, Appendix; 2011ApJ...737..103S (SF11) recalibration 
of the Schlegel, Finkbeiner & Davis 1998, Appendix B; 1998ApJ...500..525S (SFD98) infrared-based dust map. 
The map is based on dust emission from COBE/DIRBE and IRAS/ISSA; 
the recalibration assumes a Fitzpatrick (1999PASP..111...63F) reddening law with R_v = 3.1 and different source spectrum than SFD98.



     L  a  n  d  o  l  t S  D  S  S U  K  I  R  T
Filter [µm] U (0.35) B (0.43) V (0.54) R (0.64) I (0.80) u (0.36) g (0.47) r (0.62) i (0.75) z (0.89) J (1.25) H (1.66) K (2.19) L' (3.78)
A_λ [mag] 0.073 0.061 0.046 0.036 0.025 0.071 0.056 0.038 0.029 0.021 0.012 0.008 0.005 0.003

  

Show/Hide A_λ magnitudes in all 88 photometric bands based on SF11
 

Bandpass [µm] A_λ [mag]
Landolt U (0.35)  0.073
Landolt B (0.43)  0.061
Landolt V (0.54)  0.046
Landolt R (0.64)  0.036
Landolt I (0.80)  0.025
CTIO U (0.37)  0.069
CTIO B (0.43)  0.061
CTIO V (0.55)  0.045
CTIO R (0.65)  0.036
CTIO I (0.80)  0.026
UKIRT J (1.25)  0.012
UKIRT H (1.66)  0.008
UKIRT K (2.19)  0.005
UKIRT L' (3.78)  0.003
Gunn g (0.52)  0.049
Gunn r (0.66)  0.035
Gunn i (0.79)  0.026
Gunn z (0.91)  0.021
Spinrad R_S (0.69)  0.032
Stromgren u (0.35)  0.072
Stromgren b (0.47)  0.056
Stromgren v (0.41)  0.064
Stromgren beta (0.49)  0.054
Stromgren y (0.55)  0.045
SDSS u (0.36)  0.071
SDSS g (0.47)  0.056
SDSS r (0.62)  0.038
SDSS i (0.75)  0.029
SDSS z (0.89)  0.021
DSS-II g (0.46)  0.057
DSS-II r (0.65)  0.035
DSS-II i (0.81)  0.025
PS1 g (0.49)  0.053
PS1 r (0.62)  0.038
PS1 i (0.75)  0.028
PS1 z (0.87)  0.022
PS1 y (0.97)  0.018
PS1 w (0.62)  0.039
LSST u (0.37)  0.070
LSST g (0.48)  0.054
LSST r (0.62)  0.038
LSST i (0.75)  0.028
LSST z (0.87)  0.022
LSST y (0.97)  0.018
WFPC2 F300W (0.31)  0.082
WFPC2 F450W (0.46)  0.057
WFPC2 F555W (0.54)  0.046
WFPC2 F606W (0.60)  0.041
WFPC2 F702W (0.69)  0.033
WFPC2 F814W (0.79)  0.026
WFC3 F105W (1.04)  0.016
WFC3 F110W (1.12)  0.015
WFC3 F125W (1.23)  0.012
WFC3 F140W (1.37)  0.010
WFC3 F160W (1.53)  0.009
WFC3 F200LP (0.55)  0.050
WFC3 F218W (0.22)  0.131
WFC3 F225W (0.24)  0.118
WFC3 F275W (0.27)  0.092
WFC3 F300X (0.29)  0.088
WFC3 F336W (0.34)  0.075
WFC3 F350LP (0.59)  0.044
WFC3 F390W (0.40)  0.066
WFC3 F438W (0.43)  0.061
WFC3 F475W (0.48)  0.055
WFC3 F475X (0.50)  0.052
WFC3 F555W (0.53)  0.048
WFC3 F600LP (0.74)  0.030
WFC3 F606W (0.59)  0.042
WFC3 F625W (0.62)  0.038
WFC3 F775W (0.76)  0.028
WFC3 F814W (0.80)  0.026
WFC3 F850LP (0.91)  0.020
ACS clear (0.62)  0.041
ACS F435W (0.43)  0.061
ACS F475W (0.48)  0.055
ACS F550M (0.56)  0.044
ACS F555W (0.54)  0.047
ACS F606W (0.59)  0.042
ACS F625W (0.63)  0.037
ACS F775W (0.77)  0.027
ACS F814W (0.80)  0.026
ACS F850LP (0.90)  0.021
DES g (0.48)  0.054
DES r (0.64)  0.037
DES i (0.78)  0.027
DES z (0.91)  0.020
DES Y (0.99)  0.018


For completeness, we include the original SFD98 values:


     L  a  n  d  o  l  t S  D  S  S U  K  I  R  T
Filter [µm] U (0.34) B (0.44) V (0.54) R (0.65) I (0.81) u (0.35) g (0.49) r (0.63) i (0.78) z (0.93) J (1.27) H (1.67) K (2.22) L' (3.81)
A_λ [mag] 0.094 0.074 0.057 0.046 0.033 0.089 0.065 0.047 0.036 0.025 0.016 0.010 0.006 0.003


Galactic Extinction based on H I Column Densities and Galaxy Counts 
(Burstein & Heiles; 1982AJ.....87.1165B) assuming R_v = 3.1:
A_B = 0.000 mag 

See Notes on Galactic Extinction for important caveats.

BASIC DATA for MESSIER 108 (Back to INDEX)

Helio. Radial Velocity     :       699 +/-        9 km/s      
Redshift                   :  0.002332 +/- 0.000030        1975ApJ...198..527S
Major Diameter (arcmin)    :   8.7
Minor Diameter (arcmin)    :   2.2
Magnitude and Filter       : 10.69
Classifications            : SB(s)cd        HII  

NOTE: This information is indicative only. With the exception of the
      redshift they are unreferenced and highly inhomogeneous as to
      their origin. The Radial Velocity (when available) is computed
      from the listed redshift. The remaining values are designed to
      orient the user with a quick-look, overall assessment of the
      general properties of the object in question. They are not
      averages nor are they standardized in any way.

Additional detailed measurements with references are also available by clicking below:
22 Redshift data point(s)      140 photometric data point(s)      7 Diameter data point(s)

QUANTITIES DERIVED FROM REDSHIFT for MESSIER 108 (Details)(Back to INDEX)

Calculated and Corrected Velocities
V (Heliocentric)           :     699 +/-      9 km/s      1975ApJ...198..527S
V (Kinematic LSR)          :     705 +/-      9 km/s      1986MNRAS.221.1023K
V (Galactocentric GSR)     :     768 +/-      9 km/s      1991RC3.9.C...0000d
V (Local Group)            :     780 +/-     10 km/s      1996AJ....111..794K
V (3K CMB)                 :     870 +/-     15 km/s      1996ApJ...473..576F
V (Virgo Infall only)      :     965 +/-     16 km/s      2000ApJ...529..786M
V (Virgo + GA only)        :    1029 +/-     17 km/s      2000ApJ...529..786M
V (Virgo + GA + Shapley)   :    1035 +/-     17 km/s      2000ApJ...529..786M

Hubble Flow Distance and Distance Modulus (where H_o =   73.0 +/-   5 km/sec/Mpc)
D (Galactocentric GSR)     :   10.53 +/-   0.75 Mpc      (m-M) = 30.11 +/- 0.15 mag
D (Local Group)            :   10.69 +/-   0.76 Mpc      (m-M) = 30.15 +/- 0.15 mag
D (3K CMB)                 :   11.91 +/-   0.86 Mpc      (m-M) = 30.38 +/- 0.15 mag
D (Virgo Infall only)      :   13.22 +/-   0.95 Mpc      (m-M) = 30.61 +/- 0.15 mag
D (Virgo + GA only)        :   14.09 +/-   1.00 Mpc      (m-M) = 30.74 +/- 0.15 mag
D (Virgo + GA + Shapley)   :   14.18 +/-   1.00 Mpc      (m-M) = 30.76 +/- 0.15 mag

Scale at Hubble Flow Distances
Scale (Galactocentric GSR) :      51 pc/arcsec =  0.051 kpc/arcsec =   3.06 kpc/arcmin =   0.18 Mpc/degree
Scale (Local Group)        :      52 pc/arcsec =  0.052 kpc/arcsec =   3.11 kpc/arcmin =   0.19 Mpc/degree
Scale (3K CMB)             :      58 pc/arcsec =  0.058 kpc/arcsec =   3.46 kpc/arcmin =   0.21 Mpc/degree
Scale (Virgo Infall only)  :      64 pc/arcsec =  0.064 kpc/arcsec =   3.84 kpc/arcmin =   0.23 Mpc/degree
Scale (Virgo + GA only)    :      68 pc/arcsec =  0.068 kpc/arcsec =   4.10 kpc/arcmin =   0.25 Mpc/degree
Scale(Virgo + GA + Shapley):      69 pc/arcsec =  0.069 kpc/arcsec =   4.12 kpc/arcmin =   0.25 Mpc/degree











To Search for Nearby Objects (Physical Companions):
Enter Your Preferred Values and click on "Submit Environment Search" button 

Search for Objects within +/-arcmin where 100 kpc = 24.248 arcmin  
and Selected Redshift, defined by the Velocity Range:
from  to km/sec where V(Heliocentric) =    699 km/sec  






Cosmology-Corrected Quantities [H_o =  73.00 km/sec/Mpc, Ω_matter =   0.27, Ω_vacuum =   0.73]
[Redshift 0.002900 as corrected to the Reference Frame defined by the 3K Microwave Background Radiation]
Luminosity Distance        : 11.9 Mpc      (m-M) = 30.38 mag
Angular-Size Distance      : 11.9 Mpc      (m-M) = 30.37 mag
Co-Moving Radial Distance  : 11.9 Mpc      (m-M) = 30.38 mag
Co-Moving Tangential Dist. : 11.9 Mpc      (m-M) = 30.38 mag
Co-Moving Volume           : 7.07e-06 Gpc^3
Light Travel-Time          :    0.039 Gyr
Age at Redshift 0.002900   :   13.260 Gyr
Age of Universe            :   13.299 Gyr
Scale (Cosmology Corrected):      58 pc/arcsec =  0.058 kpc/arcsec =   3.45 kpc/arcmin =   0.21 Mpc/degree
Surface Brightness Dimming : Flux Density per Unit Area =  0.98848; Magnitude per Unit Area = 0.01258 mag







To change Cosmological Input Parameters for Derived Quantities:
Enter Your Preferred Values and click on "Submit Changed Hubble Parameters for this object" button 

H_oΩ_matterΩ_vacuum
    


Correct Redshift To the Reference Frame defined by:

as Input for Calculation of the Distances and Cosmology-Corrected Quantities

QUICK-LOOK PHOTOMETRY and LUMINOSITIES for MESSIER 108 (Back to INDEX)

The brightest flux in each of the following spectral regions, when available:
Gamma-Ray (ν > 2E19 Hz); X-Ray (2E19 Hz > ν > 2E16 Hz); Ultraviolet (2E16 Hz > ν > 9E14 Hz); Visual (9E14 Hz > ν > 3E14 Hz);
Near-Infrared (3E14 Hz > ν > 6E13 Hz); Mid-Infrared (6E13 Hz > ν > 7.5E12 Hz); Far-Infrared (7.5E12 Hz > ν > 1E12 Hz);
Sub-Millimeter (1E12 Hz > ν > 3E11 Hz); Millimeter (3E11 Hz > ν > 3E10 Hz); Radio (3E10 Hz > ν).

Spectral Region	Band	Apparent Mag or Flux	Refcode	Absolute Mag or νL_ν [W]	νL_ν [L_☉(Bolometric)]
X-Ray	2-10 keV (ASCA)	5.5E-13 ergs s^-1^ cm^-2^	2005ApJS..161..185U	6.03E+32 [W]	1.57E+06
Ultraviolet	UV_3150 (m_T)	10.43 +/- 0.43 mag	1995A&AS..114..527R	-19.38 +/- 0.56 [mag]	2.20E+09 +/- 1.12E+09
Visual	I	8.47 mag	2007ApJS..172..599S	-21.34 [mag]	1.13E+10
Near-Infrared	H_tot (2MASS LGA)	7.368 +/- 0.023 mag	2003AJ....125..525J	-22.44 +/- 0.37 [mag]	6.03E+09 +/- 8.90E+08
Mid-Infrared	25 microns (IRAS)	4.19 +/- 0.027 Jy	2003AJ....126.1607S	5.52E+35 +/- 8.07E+34 [W]	1.44E+09 +/- 2.10E+08
Far-Infrared	FIR (IRAS)	2.06E-12 W m^-2^	1988ApJS...68...91R	2.26E+36 [W]	5.88E+09
Sub-Millimeter	350 microns	<3.7 Jy	1989ApJ...339..859E	< 3.48E+34 [W]	< 9.06E+07
Millimeter	1.3 mm	<1.0 Jy	1986A&A...166L...8C	< 2.54E+33 [W]	< 6.60E+06
Radio	57.5 MHz	1.8 +/- 0.5 Jy	1990ApJ...352...30I	1.14E+30 +/- 3.57E+29 [W]	2.96E+03 +/- 9.28E+02

NOTE: The above quantities are derived using an estimated Distance Modulus of (29.81 +/- 0.62) mag corresponding to
a Metric Distance of (9.580 +/- 3.205) Mpc using the Average NED-D value.
The quantities quoted above have not necessarily been corrected for foreground extinction, and no K-Corrections have been applied.

View details and SED for 140 Photometric data point(s) available in NED.

QUICK-LOOK ANGULAR & PHYSICAL DIAMETERS for MESSIER 108 (Back to INDEX)

The largest diameters in the Visual and Near-Infrared spectral regions, when available:

Passband	Apparent Major Axis (2a) [arcsec]	Apparent Minor Axis (2b) [arcsec]	PA [degrees] (J2000.0)	Reference Level	Refcode	Physical Major Axis (2a) [kpc]	Physical Minor Axis (2b) [kpc]
POSS1 103a-O	528.00	132.00	80	About 25.0 B-mag arcsec^-2^	1973UGC...C...0000N	24.52	6.13
K_s (LGA/2MASS "total")	602.40	132.53	82	Diameter for "total" magnitude 2003AJ....125..525J	2003AJ....125..525J	27.98	6.16

NOTE: Physical diameters are derived using a scale of 0.0464 kpc/arcsec based on Average NED-D Metric Distance of (9.580 +/- 3.205) Mpc.
The quantities quoted above have not necessarily been corrected for foreground extinction.

View details for 7 Diameter data point(s) available in NED.

EXTERNAL ARCHIVES AND SERVICES for MESSIER 108 Help (Back to INDEX)

Resources for Object Names	Site/Service
Query SIMBAD by primary NED object name -- MESSIER 108	SIMBAD (CDS, Strasbourg, France)
Revised New General Catalogue -- NGC 3556	VizieR Catalog Query (U.S. mirror, CfA/Harvard)
Uppsala General Catalog -- UGC 06225	VizieR Catalog Query (U.S. mirror, CfA/Harvard)
Original Zwicky Catalog -- CGCG 267-048	VizieR Catalog Query (U.S. mirror, CfA/Harvard)
Query UZC Spectral Archive (60 arcsec search radius)	Updated Zwicky Catalog Data (Harvard/SAO)
Original Zwicky Catalog -- CGCG 268-001	VizieR Catalog Query (U.S. mirror, CfA/Harvard)
Morphological Catalog of Galaxies -- MCG +09-18-098	VizieR Catalog Query (U.S. mirror, CfA/Harvard)
2MASS Extended Source Images (JHKs) -- 2MASX J11113096+5540268	NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive (IRSA)
version	SDSS Sky Server
IRAS Point Source Catalog -- IRAS 11085+5556	VizieR Catalog Query (U.S. mirror, CfA/Harvard)
IRAS Faint Source Catalog -- IRAS F11085+5556	VizieR Catalog Query (U.S. mirror, CfA/Harvard)
Catalogue of Principal Galaxies -- PGC 034030	VizieR Catalog Query (U.S. mirror, CfA/Harvard)
Retrieve mean data from LEDA -- PGC 034030	The Lyon/Meudon Extragalactic Database (LEDA)
	NRAO/VLA Sky Survey (NVSS)
Query GALEX (NUV/FUV) Mission Archive (7.2 arcsec search radius) -- MESSIER 108	GALEX Mission Data Archive at MAST
Explore IRSA resources with RADAR (10 arcsec search radius) -- MESSIER 108	NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive (IRSA)
Resources for position 11h11m31.0s, +55d40m27s (J2000)	Site/Service
Query Optical and UV Mission Archives (Default search radius)	Multimission Archive at STScI (MAST)
Query High Energy Mission Archives (Default search radius)	HEASARC (NASA/GSFC)
Explore resources with DataScope (15 arcmin search radius)	HEASARC (NASA/GSFC)
version	SDSS Sky Server
Query IRSA for WISE images (10 arcmin search radius)	NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive (IRSA)
Band(s): Size:	NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive (IRSA)
Band(s): Size:	NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive (IRSA)
	NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive (IRSA)
Size: Contours (PS) JPEG FITS File	NRAO/VLA Sky Survey (NVSS)
Size: GIF FITS File	Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-Centimeters
	The NRAO Data Archive System

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