Contents Previous

REFERENCES

[1]
Lundmark, K., 1927. Medd. astr. Obs. Upsala, No. 30.
[2]
Swedenborg, B., 1734. Principia rerum naturalium; sive novarum tentaminum phenomena mundi elementaris philosophia explicandi. English translation: Rendell, J.R. & Tansley, I., 1912. Part III, Chap. I-II, Swedenborg Society, London.
[3]
Wright, T., 1750. An Original Theory or New Hypothesis of the Universe, pp. 83-84, London.
[4]
Kant, I., 1755. Allgemeine Naturgeschichte und Theorie des Himmels, Part I, J.F. Peterson, Königsberg and Leipzig.
[5]
Gingerich, O., 1960. Sky Teles., 19, 207.
[6]
Herschel, W., 1785. Phil. Trans. R. Soc., 75, 213.
[7]
Herschel, W., 1791. Phil. Trans. R. Soc., 81, 71.
[8]
Curtis, H.D., 1918. Publ. Lick. Obs., 13, 55, Plate IX.
[9]
Herschel, W., 1811. Phil. Trans. R. Soc., 101, 269.
[10]
Rosse, W. Parsons, Earl of, 1850. Phil. Trans. R. Soc., 140, 499.
[11]
Rosse, W. Parsons, Earl of, 1861. Phil. Trans. R. Soc., 151, 681.
[12]
Alexander, S., 1852. Astr. J., 2, 95.
[13]
Spencer, H., 1858. Westminster Review, 70, 104.
[14]
Huggins, W., 1864. Phil. Trans. R. Soc., 154, 437.
[15]
Scheiner, J., 1899. Astrophys. J., 9, 149.
[16a]
Roberts, I., 1893. A Selection of Photographs of Stars, Star-Clusters and Nebulae, The Universal Press, London.
[16b]
Roberts, I., 1899. Photographs of Stars, Star-Clusters and Nebulae. Vol. II (Plate 10 is of M33), The Universal Press, London.
[17]
Keeler, J.E., 1908. Publ. Lick Obs., 8 (Plate 3 is of M33).
[18]
Dreyer, J.L.E., 1904. Proc. R. Ir. Acad., 25A, 3.
[19]
von der Pahlen, E., 1911. Astr. Nachr., 188, 249.
[20a]
Wolf, M. & Ernst, E., 1913. Veröff Sternw. Heidelberg, 6, 115.
[20b]
Lundmark, K., 1920. Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handlingar, Ser. 4, 60, No. 8, Fig. 6.
[21]
Slipher, V.M., 1913. Lowell Obs. Bull., 2, 56 (No. 58).
[22]
Wolf, M., 1914. Vjschr. astr. Ges., 49, 151.
[23]
Slipher, V.M., 1915. Pop. Astr., 23, 21.
[24]
Pease, F.G., 1915. Publ. astr. Soc. Pacific, 27, 239.
[25]
Pease, F.G., 1916. Publ. astr. Soc. Pacific, 28, 33.
[26]
van Maanen, A., 1916. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 2, 386.
[27]
van Maanen, A., 1923. Astrophys. J., 57, 264.
[28]
Lundmark, K., 1926. Astrophys. J., 63, 67.
[29]
Pickering, E.C., 1917. Harvard Bull., No. 641.
[30]
Ritchey, G.W., 1917. Publ. astr. Soc. Pacific, 29, 210.
[31]
Curtis, H.D., 1917. Publ. astr. Soc. Pacific, 29, 180.
[32]
Lundmark, K., 1921. Publ. astr. Soc. Pacific, 33, 324.
[33]
Duncan, J.C., 1922. Publ. astr. Soc. Pacific, 34, 290.
[34]
Hubble, E.P., 1925. Pop. Astr., 33, 252.
[35]
Hubble, E.P., 1926. Astrophys. J., 63, 236.
[36a]
Hubble, E.P., 1935. Astrophys. J., 81, 334.
[36b]
van Maanen, A., 1935. Astrophys. J., 81, 336.
An explanation of the effects responsible for the spurious rotation measurements is given by:
[36c]
Baade, W., 1963. Evolution of Stars and Galaxies, pp. 27-29, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.
[37]
Hubble, E.P., 1936. The Realm of the Nebulae, Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut.
[38]
Holmberg, E., 1958. Lund Obs. Medd., Ser. II, No. 136.
[39]
van den Bergh, S., 1960. Astrophys. J., 131, 215.
[40]
de Vaucouleurs, G., 1961. Astrophys. J., Suppl. Ser., 5, 233 (No. 48).
[41a]
Morgan, W.W., 1958. Publ. astr. Soc. Pacific, 70, 364.
[41b]
Morgan, W.W., 1959. Publ. astr. Soc. Pacific, 71, 394.
[42]
Vorontsov-Velyaminov, B.A. & Arkhipova, V.P., 1964. Morphological Catalogue of Galaxies, Part II, p. 117, Moscow University Press, Moscow.
[43]
Vorontsov-Velyaminov, B.A., 1956. Astr. Zh., 33, 14.
[44]
Whitford, A.E., 1936. Astrophys. J., 83, 424.
[45a]
Stebbins, J. & Whitford, A.E., 1937. Astrophys. J., 86, 247.
[45b]
Stebbins, J. & Whitford, A.E., 1948. Astrophys. J., 108, 413.
[45c]
Stebbins, J. & Whitford, A.E., 1952. Astrophys. J., 115, 284.
[46]
Tifft, W.G., 1961. Astr. J., 66, 390.
[47]
McClure, R.D. & van den Bergh, S., 1968. Astr. J., 73, 313.
[48]
Seyfert, C.K., 1940. Astrophys. J., 91, 528.
[49]
Patterson, F.S., 1940. Harvard Bull., No. 914, p. 9.
[50]
Danver, C.G., 1942. Lund Obs. Ann., 10.
[51a]
Holmberg, E., 1950. Lund Obs. Medd., Ser. II, No. 128.
[51b]
Holmberg, E., 1952. Lund Obs. Medd., Ser. I, No. 180.
[52]
de Vaucouleurs, G., 1959. Astrophys. J., 130, 728.
[53]
Vashakidze, M.A., 1955. Bull. Abastumani astrophys. Obs., No. 18, p. 15.
[54]
Haro, G., 1950. Astr. J., 55, 66.
[55a]
Aller, L.H., 1954. Astrophysics: Nuclear Transformations, Stellar Interiors and Nebulae, p. 232, Ronald Press, New York.
[55b]
Aller, L.H., 1956. Gaseous Nebulae, John Wiley and Sons, New York.
[56]
Shajn, G.A., 1954. Izv. Crimean astrophys. Obs., 11, 3.
[57]
Sérsic, J. L., 1959. Unpublished, communicated to me by A. R. Sandage.
[58a]
Courtés, G. & Cruvellier, P., 1961. Comptes Rendus, 253, 218.
[58b]
Courtés, G. & Cruvellier, P., 1965. Ann. Astrophys., 28, 683.
[59a]
Mathis, J.S., 1962. Astrophys. J., 136, 374.
[59b]
Aller, L.H., Czyzak, S.J. & Walker, M.F., 1968. Astrophys. J., 151, 491.
[60]
Aller, L.H. & Faulkner, D.J., 1962. Publ. astr. Soc. Pacific, 74, 219.
[61]
Mayall, N.U. & Aller, L.H., Publ. astr. Soc. Pacific, 51, 112.
[62]
Aller, L.H., 1942. Astrophys. J., 95, 52.
[63a]
Sérsic, J.L., 1959. Observatory, 79, 54.
[63b]
Sérsic, J.L., 1960. Z. Astrophys., 50, 168.
[64]
Sandage, A.R., 1962. IAU Symposium No. 15, Problems of Extra-Galactic Research, p. 359, ed. G.C. McVittie. Macmillan, New York.
[65]
Tammann, G.A. & Sandage, A.R., 1968. Astrophys. J., 151, 825.
[66a]
Shajn, G.A. & Haze, V.F., 1952. Izv. Crimean astrophys. Obs., 9, 13.
[66b]
Shajn, G.A. & Haze, V.F., 1953. Astr. Zh., 30, 481.
[67]
Mayall, N.U., 1939. Lick Obs. Bull., 19, 33 (No. 497).
[68]
Carranza, G., Courtés, G., Georgelin, Y., Monnet, G. & Pourcelot, A., 1968. Ann. Astrophys., 31, 63.
[69a]
Brown, R.H. & Hazard, C., 1959. Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc., 119, 297.
[69b]
Leslie, P.R.R., 1960, Observatory, 80, 216.
[69c]
Brown, R.H. & Hazard, C., 1961. Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc., 122, 479.
[69d]
Heeschen, D.S., 1961. Publ. nat. Radio Astr. Obs., 1, 129.
[69e]
Venugopal, V.R., 1963. Publ. astr. Soc. Pacific, 75, 404.
[69f]
Heeschen, D.S. & Wade, C.M., 1964. Astr. J., 69, 277.
[69g]
Kuril'chik, V.N. & Sytsko, G.A., 1965. Soy. Astr., 9, 421 (Astr. Zh., 42, 531).
[69h]
DeJong, M.L., 1965. Astrophys. J., 142, 1333.
[69i]
DeJong, M.L., 1967. Astrophys. J., 150, 1.
[70]
Pilkington, J.D.H. & Scott, P.F., 1965. Mem. R. astr. Soc., 69, 183.
[71]
Dieter, N.H., 1957. Publ. astr. Soc. Pacific, 69, 356.
[72]
Gordon, K.J., 1969. Astrophys. Lett., 4, 47.
[73]
Burke, B.F., Turner, K.C. & Tuve, M.A., 1964. IAU Symposium No. 20, The Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds, p. 99, eds. F.J. Kerr and A.W. Rodgers. Australian Academy of Science, Canberra.
[74a]
Meng, S.Y. & Kraus, J.D., 1966. Astr. J., 71, 170.
[74b]
Roberts, M.S., 1967. IAU Symposium No. 31, Radio Astronomy and the Galactic System, p. 189, ed. H. van Woerden. Academic Press, London.
[75]
Gordon, K.J., 1969. Unpublished Ph. D. thesis, The University of Michigan.
[76]
Gordon, K.J., 1968. Astr. J., 73, S14.
[77]
Hubble, E.P. & Sandage, A.R., 1953. Astrophys. J., 118, 353.
[78]
Johnson, H.L., Hoag, A.A., Iriarte, B., Mitchell, R.I. & Hallam, K.L., 1961. Lowell Obs. Bull., 5, 133 (No. 113).
[79]
de Vaucouleurs, G., 1961. Year Book Amer. Phil. Soc., p. 268.
[80]
de Vaucouleurs, G., 1968. Personal communication.
[81a]
Vorontsov-Velyaminov, B.A., 1955. Astr. Zh., 32, 401.
[81b]
Vorontsov-Velyaminov, B.A., 1956. Astr. Zh., 33, 205.
[82]
Hubble, E.P., 1932. Astrophys. J., 76, 44.
[83]
Hiltner, W.A., 1960. Astrophys. J., 131, 163.
[84]
Kron, G.E. & Mayall, N.U., 1960. Astr. J., 65, 581.
[85a]
Walker, M.F., 1964. Astr. J., 69, 744.
[85b]
Walker, M.F., 1967. Publ. astr. Soc. Pacific, 79, 119.
[86a]
Mayall, N.U. & Aller, L.H., 1941. Publ. astr. Soc. Pacific, 52, 278.
[86b]
Mayall, N.U. & Aller, L.H., 1942. Astrophys. J., 95, 5.
[87a]
Wyse, A.B. & Mayall, N.U., 1941. Publ. astr. Soc. Pacific, 53, 269.
[87b]
Wyse, A.B. & Mayall, N.U., 1942. Astrophys. J., 95, 24.
[87c]
Aller, L.H., 1942. Astrophys. J., 95, 48.
[87d]
Mayall, N.U., 1951. Publ. Obs. Univ. Michigan, 10, 19.
[87e]
Lohmann, W., 1954. Z. Astrophys., 35, 159.
[87f]
Schwarzschild, M., 1954. Astr. J., 59, 273.
[87g]
Kerr, F.J. & de Vaucouleurs, G., 1956. Austr. J. Phys., 9, 90.
[87h]
Takase, B., 1957. Publ. astr. Soc. Japan, 9, 16.
[88a]
Whitford, A.E., 1962. Astr. J., 67, 640.
[88b]
Whitford, A.E., 1963. Astr. J., 68, 637.
[89a]
Hubble, E.P., 1943. Astrophys. J., 97, 112.
[89b]
Lindblad, B. & Brahde, R., 1946. Astrophys. J., 104, 211.
[89c]
Lindblad, B., 1948. Stockholm Obs. Ann., 15, No. 4.
[90]
de Vaucouleurs, G., 1958. Astrophys. J., 127, 487.
[91]
Dieter, N.H., 1962. Astr. J., 67, 217.
[92]
Volders, L.M.J.S., 1959. Bull. astr. Inst. Netherl., 14, 323.
[93]
Burke, B.F., Turner, K.C. & Tuve, M.A., 1963. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Year Book, 62, 289.
[94]
Brandt, J.C., 1965. Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc., 129, 309.
[95]
Takase, B. & Kinoshita, H., 1967. Publ. astr. Soc. Japan, 19, 409.

Contents Previous