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Article Contents

ABSTRACT

1.INTRODUCTION

2.FUNDAMENTALS

2.1.A primer on galaxy formation and evolution

2.2.A primer on weak gravitational lensing

2.3.Tidal alignment theory

3.DEVELOPMENTS OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY

3.1.The very first works: 1914-1926

3.2.A second wave: 1938-1958

3.3.A case study: alignments in the Palomar Sky Survey

3.4.More recent observational works

3.5.Early Tidal Torque Theory

3.6.More recent theoretical and numerical progress

4.INTRA-HALO ALIGNMENTS

4.1.Alignment of the central galaxy with its halo

4.2.Alignment of satellite galaxy shapes

5.INTER-HALO AND LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE ALIGNMENTS

5.1.Alignments between galaxy clusters

5.2.Alignments with filaments

5.3.Alignments with sheets and void surfaces

6.GALAXY ALIGNMENTS WITH THE MATTER DENSITY FIELD

6.1.General observational studies

6.2.Early-type galaxies

6.3.Late-type galaxies

6.4.Alternative alignment mechanisms

7.IMPACT ON COSMOLOGY

8.QUO VADIS?

REFERENCES