© CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS 1999

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Chapter Contents

1. Dark Matter and Structure Formation
   J. R. Primack
   1.1 Introduction
   1.2 Cosmology Basics
   1.3 Age, Expansion Rate, and Cosmological Constant
   1.4 Measuring ₀
   1.5 Dark-Matter Particles
   1.6 Origin of Fluctuations: Inflation and Topological Defects
   1.7 Comparing DM Models to Observations: CDM vs. CHDM
   References

   Gravitational Instability
   A. Yahil

   2.1 Introduction

   2.2 Linear Theory and Zel'dovich Approximation

   2.3 Nonlinear Methods and Mixed Boundary Conditions

   References

   Microwave Background and Structure Formation
   J. Silk

   3.1 Introduction

   3.2 Gravitational Instabilities: Linear Theory

   3.3 Nonlinear Evolution

   3.4 Galaxy Formation by Reverse Engineering

   3.5 Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies

   3.6 Confrontation of Theory and Large-Scale Structure

   3.7 Future Prospects

   References

4. Clusters and Superclusters of Galaxies
   N. A. Bahcall
   4.1 Introduction
   4.2 Optical Properties of Galaxy Clusters
   4.3 X-Ray Properties of Galaxy Clusters
   4.4 The Baryon Fraction in Clusters
   4.5 Cluster Mass
   4.6 Where is the Dark Matter>
   4.7 The Mass Function of Clusters
   4.8 Quasar-Cluster Association
   4.9 Superclusters
   4.10 The Cluster Correlation Function
   4.11 Peculiar Motions of Clusters
   4.12 Some Unsolved Problems
   References

   Redshift Surveys of the Local Universe
   M. A. Strauss

   5.1 Introduction

   5.2 Varieties of Redshift Surveys

   5.3 The Luminosity and Selection Function

   5.4 Clustering Statistics

   5.5 Measurements of the Power Spectrum

   5.6 The Relative Distribution of Galaxies and Dark Matter

   5.7 Surveys for the Future

   5.8 Conclusions

   References

   Measurement of Galaxy Distances
   J. A. Willick

   6.1 Introduction

   6.2 Cepheid Variables

   6.3 The Tully-Fisher Relation for Spiral Galaxies

   6.4 Fundamental Plane Relations for Elliptical Galaxies

   6.5 Surface Brightness Fluctuations

   6.6 Supernovae

   6.7 Brightest Cluster Galaxies

   6.8 Redshift-Distance Catalogs

   6.9 Malmquist and Other Biases

   6.10 Summary

   References

   Large-Scale Flows and Cosmological Implications
   A. Dekel

   7.1 Introduction

   7.2 Reconstruction From Peculiar Velocities

   7.3 Testing Bias Hypotheses

   7.4 Statistics of Mass-Density Fluctuations

   7.5 Direct Measurements of From Peculiar Velocities

   7.6 Measurements of From Galaxy Density and Velocities

   7.7 Cosmological Parameters

   7.8 Conclusion

   References

8. Cosmological Simulations
   J. P. Ostriker
   8.1 Introduction
   8.2 Simulation Methods
   8.3 Results: Comparison with Observations
   8.4 Conclusions
   References

   Black Holes in Galaxy Centers
   S. M. Faber

   9.1 Introduction

   9.2 Surface-Brightness and Stellar Distributions

   9.3 Kinematic Evidence for Central Massive Black Holes

   References

   Gravitational Lensing
   R. Narayan & M. Bartelmann

   10.1 Introduction

   10.2 Lensing by Point Masses in the Universe

   10.3 Lensing by Galaxies

   10.4 Lensing by Galaxy Clusters and Large-Scale Structure

   References

11. The Mass of the Universe
    P. J. E. Peebles
    11.1 Introduction
    11.2 Dynamical Mass Measurements
    11.3 The Cosmological Tests
    11.4 Scorecard and Issues
    11.5 Concluding Remarks
    References

    Index