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The definition of objects in this Category is that they must consist
of four or more galaxies which, by their apparent magnitude and
spacing, appear to be associated but not aligned. Just as the previous
Category 17 ended with chains not so well
aligned, the present
Category 18 starts with groups slightly aligned and proceeds into
complete non-alignment. Still, many of the Category 18 groups are
also fairly good chains, if one just concentrates on the brightest
galaxies or the majority of galaxies. For example, page 18.5 shows a
group, AM 0007-571, which is a good alignment of bright galaxies
within a broader group of fainter galaxies. A number of ring galaxies,
interacting galaxies, and peculiar galaxies are included in many of
these groups. On page 18.7 is shown AM 0021-571 which was also used to
illustrate Category 17: Chains (page 17.21);
this again emphasizes the
existence of a grey area in such a classification scheme.
Towards the end of Category 18 (page 18.9) we find smaller,
apparently more distant groups. One of these is AM 0232-335, which has
a plume from one of the galaxies, and probably could also be
considered for one of the interacting categories. Finally, on the page
18.10, we find a group containing low-surface-brightness galaxies.
CATEGORY 18:
GROUPS