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Article Contents

ABSTRACT

1.INTRODUCTION

2.DETAILED STAR FORMATION HISTORIES
2.1.Techniques: Synthetic CMD analysis
2.1.1.An Example:
2.1.2.Testing the Reliability:
2.2.Observations: Dwarf Galaxies in the Local Group
2.2.1.Early-type Dwarf Galaxies:
2.2.2.Late-type Dwarf Galaxies:
2.2.3Ultra-faint dwarf galaxies
2.2.4.The Small Magellanic Cloud:
2.3.Beyond the Local Group

3.STELLAR KINEMATICS AND METALLICITIES
3.1.Early-Type Dwarfs
3.1.1.Galactic dSphs:
3.1.2.More Distant dSphs:
3.1.3.Dwarf galaxies around M 31
3.2.Late-Type Dwarfs
3.3.Ultra-Faint Dwarfs

4.DETAILED ABUNDANCES OF RESOLVED STARS
4.1.Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies
4.1.1.alpha elements
4.1.2.Sodium and Nickel
4.1.3.Neutron-capture elements
4.2.Ultra-Faint dwarf galaxies
4.3.Dwarf irregulars

5.CHEMICAL EVOLUTION MODELS
5.1.Explaining Low Metallicity
5.2.Galactic Winds
5.3.Modelling Individual systems
5.3.1.Standard Models
5.3.2.Chemo-dynamical models
5.3.3.Model predictions and observed abundances

6.CONCLUDING REMARKS

REFERENCES