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Article Contents

TITLE PAGE

1.INTRODUCTION

2.THE X-RAY EMISSION OF SPIRAL GALAXIES

2.1.Sources of X Rays

2.2.X-Ray Observations of the Local Group

2.3.Detailed Observations of Bright Spiral Galaxies

2.4.Average Sample Properties and Correlations With Other Wavebands

3.STARBURST ACTIVITY AND LOW-ACTIVITY NUCLEI

3.1.Widespread Starburst Activity in Peculiar Galaxies

3.2.Starburst Nuclei

3.3.Low-Activity Nuclei

4.ELLIPTICAL AND SO GALAXIES

4.1.Discovery and Properties of the Hot Interstellar Medium

4.2.Physical Status of the Halos

4.3.Cooling Flows

4.4.The Mass of Early-Type Galaxies

4.5.Radio Sources and Gaseous Halos

5.GALAXIES AND THE X-RAY BACKGROUND

6.THE FUTURE

REFERENCES