Evolution of Galaxies

The general topic is dicussed in depth in

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The partitioning of the stellar population into bulge and disk through the formation of galaxies can lead later to different evolutionary patterns, since the bulge to disk ratio appears to be a prime parameter to order galaxies.

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Accretion from outside may influence their evolution over much of their age.

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Galaxies evolve by consuming gas, thus changing the chemical abundance distribution in the interstellar matter (ISM), by slow overall accretion throughout the disk, as well as by recycling disk gas through the halo,

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possibly by a general galactic wind driven by cosmic rays,

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by interaction with other galaxies (see above), and finally by merging with other galaxies (see above). The inner regions of galaxies are usually most sensitive also to the effect of a central AGN,

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while a central starburst can eject matter at high velocity from the galaxy.

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A central starburst may lead unescapably to the formation of an AGN.

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An instability of the disk to the formation of spiral and circular patterns - in addition to spirals and rings being caused by bars and interaction with other galaxies,

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can increase star formation.

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