The following review articles relevant to cosmology and extragalactic astronomy have been placed in LEVEL5 with the consent and cooperation of Annual Reviews Inc. with the restriction that articles published within the last 3-5 years will only be available to subscribers through the Annual Reviews proprietary web site. LEVEL5 provides those links. All other articles in LEVEL5 are freely available to the scientific community and are hyperlinked to the electronic literature through the individual citations and also back to NED through specific objects. [BFM 10/00]

• COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS FROM OBSERVATIONS OF GALAXY CLUSTERS
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  Steven W. Allen, August E. Evrard & Adam B. Mantz
• OPTICAL AND INFRARED POLARIZATION OF ACTIVE EXTRAGALACTIC OBJECTS
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  J. R. P. Angel & H. S. Stockman
• SHELLS AND RINGS AROUND GALAXIES
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  E. Athanassoula & A. Bosma
• LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE IN THE UNIVERSE INDICATED BY GALAXY CLUSTERS
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  Neta A. Bahcall
• EXTRANUCLEAR CLUES TO THE ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF ACTIVITY IN GALAXIES
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  Bruce Balick & Timothy M. Heckman
• CHEMODYNAMICAL HISTORY OF THE GALACTIC BULGE
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  Beatriz Barbuy, Cristina Chiappini and Ortwin Gerhard
• DYNAMICS OF INTERACTING GALAXIES
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  Joshua Barnes & Lars Hernquist
• GALACTIC MAGNETISM: Recent Developments and Perspectives
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• SIMULATIONS OF STRUCTURE FORMATION IN THE UNIVERSE
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  Edmund Bertschinger
• THE LUMINOSITY FUNCTION OF GALAXIES
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  Bruno Binggeli, Allan Sandage & G.A. Tammann
• WARPS
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  James Binney
• DYNAMICS OF ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES AND OTHER SPHEROIDAL COMPONENTS
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  James Binney
• COSMOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS OF GRAVITATIONAL LENSING
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  R.D. Blandford & R. Narayan
• PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND ENVIRONMENTS OF NEARBY GALAXIES
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  Michael R. Blanton & John Moustakas
• THE CO-TO-H₂ CONVERSION FACTOR
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  Alberto D. Bolatto et al.
• THE COSMIC FAR ULTRAVIOLET BACKGROUND
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  Stuart Bowyer
• TYPE IA SUPERNOVAE AND THE HUBBLE CONSTANT
  (1998) Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 36, 17-55
  David Branch
• TYPE Ia SUPERNOVAE AS STANDARD CANDLES
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  David Branch & G. A. Tammann
• EXTRAGALACTIC RADIO JETS
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  Alan H. Bridle & Richard A. Perley
• THE FIRST GALAXIES
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  Bromm, Volker & Yoshida, Naoki
• SMALL-SCALE CHALLENGES TO THE ΛCDM PARADIGM
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  James S. Bullock & Michael Boylan-Kolchin
• CLUSTER MAGNETIC FIELDS
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  C. L. Carilli and G. B. Taylor
• COSMOLOGY WITH THE SUNYAEV-ZEL'DOVICH EFFECT
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  John E. Carlstrom et al.
• BARYONIC DARK MATTER
  (1994) Ann. Rev. Astron. Ap., 32, 531-590
  Bernard Carr
• THE COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT
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  Sean M. Carroll, William H. Press & Edwin L. Turner
• COSMIC-RAY CONFINEMENT IN THE GALAXY
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  C. J. Cesarsky
• RADIO EMISSION FROM NORMAL GALAXIES
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  J. J. Condon
• FAST RADIO BURSTS: AN EXTRAGALACTIC ENIGMA
  (2019) Ann. Rev. Astron. Ap., 57, 417-465
  James M. Cordes & Shami Chatterjee

• MODELING THE PANCHROMATIC SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTIONS OF GALAXIES
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  Charlie Conroy
• THE LOCAL INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM
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  D.P. Cox & R.J. Reynolds
• EVIDENCE FOR LOCAL ANISOTROPY OF THE HUBBLE FLOW
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  M. Davis & P. J. E. Peebles
• STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES
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  Tim de Zeeuw & Marijn Franx
• DYNAMICS OF COSMIC FLOWS
  (1994) Ann. Rev. Astron. Ap., 32, 371-418
  Avishai Dekel
• INTERSTELLAR DUST GRAINS
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  B.T. Draine
• THE EVOLUTION OF GALAXIES IN CLUSTERS
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  A. Dressler
• INTERSTELLAR TURBULENCE I: OBSERVATIONS AND PROCESSES
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  Bruce G. Elmegreen & John Scalo
• PHYSICAL CONDITIONS IN REGIONS OF STAR FORMATION
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  Neal J. Evans
• POPULATIONS OF X-RAY SOURCES IN GALAXIES
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  G. Fabbiano
• THE ORIGIN OF THE X-RAY BACKGROUND
  (1992) Ann. Rev. Astron. Ap., 30, 429-456
  A.C. Fabian & X. Barcons
• THE COSMIC INFRARED BACKGROUND: Measurements and Implications
  (2001) Ann. Rev. Astron. Ap., 39, 249-307
  Michael G. Hauser & Eli Dwek
• FAINT BLUE GALAXIES
  (1997) Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 35, 389-443
  Richard S. Ellis
• ALTERNATIVES TO THE BIG BANG
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  G.F.R. Ellis
• X-RAYS FROM NORMAL GALAXIES
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• MASSES AND MASS-TO-LIGHT RATIOS OF GALAXIES
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  S. M. Faber & J. S. Gallagher
• COOLING FLOWS IN CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES -
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  A.C. Fabian
• CEPHEIDS AS DISTANCE INDICATORS
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  M.W. Feast & A.R. Walker
• THE HUBBLE DEEP FIELDS
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  Henry C. Ferguson, M. Dickinson & R. Williams
• MODELING EXTRAGALACTIC JETS
  (1998) Ann. Rev. Astron. Ap., 36, 539-598
  Attilio Ferrari
• OPTICAL SPECTRA OF SUPERNOVAE
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  Alexei V. Filippenko
• X-RAY-IMAGING OBSERVATIONS OF CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES
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  W. Forman & C. Jones
• THE HUBBLE CONSTANT
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  Wendy L. Freedman & Barry F. Madore
• THE NEW GALAXY: SIGNATURES OF ITS FORMATION
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  Ken Freeman and Joss Bland-Hawthorn
• THE GALACTIC SPHEROID AND OLD DISK
  (1987) Ann. Rev. Astron. Ap., 25, 603-632
  K.C. Freeman
• ELEMENTAL ABUNDANCES IN QUASISTELLAR OBJECTS: Star Formation and Galactic Nuclear Evolution at High Redshifts
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  Fred Hamann & Gary Ferland
• STRUCTURE AND EVOLUTION OF IRREGULAR GALAXIES
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  J.S. Gallagher, III & D. A. Hunter
• REDSHIFT SURVEYS OF GALAXIES
  (1991) Ann. Rev. Astron. Ap., 29, 499-541
  Riccardo Giovanelli & Martha Haynes
• GLOBULAR CLUSTER SYSTEMS IN GALAXIES BEYOND THE LOCAL GROUP
  (1991) Ann. Rev. Astron. Ap., 29, 543-79
  William E. Harris
• THE INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENT ON THE H I CONTENT OF GALAXIES
  (1984) Ann. Rev. Astron. Ap., 22, 445-70
  Martha P. Haynes, Riccardo Giovanelli & Guido L. Chincarini
• ULTRAVIOLET BACKGROUND RADIATION
  (1991) Ann. Rev. Astron. Ap., 29, 89-127
  Richard C. Henry
• COMPACT GROUPS OF GALAXIES
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  Paul Hickson
• THE ORIGIN OF ULTRA-HIGH-ENERGY COSMIC RAYS
  (1984) Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 22, 425-444
  A.M. Hillas
• POPULATIONS IN LOCAL GROUP GALAXIES
  (1989) Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 27, 139-59
  Paul Hodge
• THE EXTRAGALACTIC DISTANCE SCALE
  (1981) Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 19, 357-72
  Paul Hodge
• COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES
  (2002) Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 40, 171-216
  Wayne Hu & Scott Dodelson
• LOW SURFACE BRIGHTNESS GALAXIES
  (1997) Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 35, 267-307
  Chris Impey & Greg Bothun
• COMPACT RADIO SOURCES
  (1981) Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 19, 373-410
  K.I. Kellermann & I.I.K. Pauliny-Toth
• STAR FORMATION IN GALAXIES ALONG THE HUBBLE SEQUENCE
  (1998) Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 36, 189-231
  Robert C. Kennicutt, Jr.
• STAR FORMATION IN THE MILKY WAY AND NEARBY GALAXIES
  (2012) Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 50, 531-608
  Robert C. Kennicutt, Jr. & Neal J. Evans II
• EVIDENCE FOR EVOLUTION IN FAINT FIELD GALAXY SAMPLES
  (1992) Ann. Rev. Astron. Ap., 30, 613-52
  David C. Koo & Richard G. Kron
• SURFACE PHOTOMETRY AND THE STRUCTURE OF ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES
  (1989) Ann. Rev. Astron. Ap., 27, 235-77
  John Kormendy & S. Djorgovski
• COEVOLUTION (OR NOT) OF SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLES AND HOST GALAXIES
  (2013) Ann. Rev. Astron. Ap., 51, 511-653
  John Kormendy & Luis C. Ho
• SECULAR EVOLUTION AND THE FORMATION OF PSEUDOBULGES IN DISK GALAXIES
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  John Kormendy & Robert C. Kennicutt, Jr.
• THE KINEMATICS OF SPIRAL AND IRREGULAR GALAXIES
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  P.C. van der Kruit & R.J. Allen
• GALAXY DISKS
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  P.C. van der Kruit & K.C. Freeman
• STAR CLUSTERS ACROSS COSMIC TIME
  (2019) Ann. Rev. Astron. Ap., 57, 227-303
  Mark R. Krumholz, Christopher F. McKee, and Joss Bland-Hawthorn
• DUSTY INFRARED GALAXIES: SOURCES OF THE COSMIC INFRARED BACKGROUND
  (2005) Ann. Rev. Astron. Ap., 43, 727-768
  Guilaine Lagache, Jean-Loup Puget, Hervé Dole
• FAR-INFRARED SURVEYS OF GALAXY EVOLUTION
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• MASSIVE STAR POPULATIONS IN NEARBY GALAXIES
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  André Maeder & Peter S. Conti
• HOT GAS IN AND AROUND ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES
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  William G. Mathews & Fabrizio Brighenti
• INTERSTELLAR DUST AND EXTINCTION
  (1990) Ann. Rev. Astron. Ap., 28, 37-70
  John S. Mathis
• DWARF GALAXIES OF THE LOCAL GROUP
  (1998) Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 36, 435-506
  Mario Mateo
• ABUNDANCE RATIOS AND GALACTIC CHEMICAL EVOLUTION
  (1997) Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 35, 503-556
  Andrew McWilliam
• PROBING THE UNIVERSE WITH WEAK LENSING
  (1999) Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 37, 127-189
  Yannick Mellier
• THE r-, s-, AND p-PROCESSES IN NUCLEOSYNTHESIS
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  Bradley S. Meyer
• THE STRUCTURE OF EXTENDED EXTRAGALACTIC RADIO SOURCES
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  George Miley
• SOURCES OF RELATIVISTIC JETS IN THE GALAXY
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  I. F. Mirabel & L. F. Rodríguez
• MOLECULAR CLOUDS IN GALAXIES
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  Mark Morris & L. J. Rickard
• STELLAR POPULATIONS IN THE GALAXY
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  J. R. Mould
• X-RAY PROPERTIES OF GROUPS OF GALAXIES
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  John S. Mulchaey
• THEORETICAL CHALLENGES IN GALAXY FORMATION
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• INFLATION FOR ASTRONOMERS
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  J.V. Narlikar & T. Padmanabhan
• FAR-ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION FROM ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES
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  Robert W. O'Connell
• OLD AND INTERMEDIATE-AGE STELLAR POPULATIONS IN THE MAGELLANIC CLOUDS
  (1996) Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 34, 511-550
  Edward W. Olszewski, Nicholas B. Suntzeff & Mario Mateo
• SUPERCLUSTERS
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• ASTRONOMICAL TESTS OF THE COLD DARK MATTER SCENARIO
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• ABUNDANCES IN STELLAR POPULATIONS AND THE INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM IN GALAXIES
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• GASEOUS GALAXY HALOS
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• OBSERVATIONS OF THE ISOTROPY OF THE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND RADIATION
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• BLACK HOLE MODELS FOR ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI
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• MICRO-ARCSECOND RADIO ASTROMETRY
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• PHYSICAL PARAMETERS ALONG THE HUBBLE SEQUENCE
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• VOIDS
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• THE EVOLUTION OF X-RAY CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES
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• THE DUST ATTENUATION LAW IN GALAXIES
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• OBSERVATIONAL TESTS OF WORLD MODELS
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• THE FIRST 50 YEARS AT PALOMAR: 1949-1999 The Early Years of Stellar Evolution, Cosmology, and High-Energy Astrophysics
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• LUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES
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• INTERSTELLAR TURBULENCE II: IMPLICATIONS AND EFFECTS
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• THE ART OF N-BODY BUILDING
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  J. A. Sellwood
• INTERSTELLAR MOLECULAR HYDROGEN
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• ROTATION CURVES OF SPIRAL GALAXIES
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• MOLECULAR GAS AT HIGH REDSHIFT
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• THE IRAS VIEW OF THE EXTRAGALACTIC SKY
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• PHYSICAL MODELS OF GALAXY FORMATION IN A COSMOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK
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• DUST IN GALAXIES
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• THREE-DIMENSIONAL DUST RADIATIVE TRANSFER
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• MICROWAVE BACKGROUND RADIATION AS A PROBE OF THE CONTEMPORARY STRUCTURE AND HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSE
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• STAR-FORMATION HISTORIES, ABUNDANCES, AND KINEMATICS OF DWARF GALAXIES IN THE LOCAL GROUP
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• EXISTENCE AND NATURE OF DARK MATTER IN THE UNIVERSE
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• VARIABILITY OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI
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• THE AGE OF THE GALACTIC GLOBULAR CLUSTER SYSTEM
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• GALACTIC WINDS
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• NUCLEAR ABUNDANCES AND EVOLUTION OF THE INTERSTELLAR
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  P. G. Wannier
• SEYFERT GALAXIES
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• MEASUREMENTS OF THE COSMIC BACKGROUND RADIATION
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• ANISOTROPIES IN THE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND
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• GALACTIC BULGES
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• GAS IN THE GALACTIC HALO
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• MOLECULAR GAS IN GALAXIES
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• PARSEC-SCALE JETS IN EXTRAGALACTIC RADIO SOURCES
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