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INTERSTELLAR TURBULENCE II: IMPLICATIONS AND EFFECTS
John Scalo
Department of
Astronomy, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
Bruce G. Elmegreen
IBM
Research Division, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598
Abstract. Interstellar turbulence has implications for the
dispersal and
mixing of the elements, cloud chemistry, cosmic ray scattering,
and radio wave propagation through the ionized medium. This review
discusses the observations and theory of these effects.
Metallicity fluctuations are summarized, and the theory of
turbulent transport of passive tracers is reviewed. Modeling
methods, turbulent concentration of dust grains, and the turbulent
washout of radial abundance gradients are discussed. Interstellar
chemistry is affected by turbulent transport of various species
between environments with different physical properties and by
turbulent heating in shocks, vortical dissipation regions, and
local regions of enhanced ambipolar diffusion. Cosmic rays are
scattered and accelerated in turbulent magnetic waves and shocks,
and they generate turbulence on the scale of their gyroradii.
Radio wave scintillation is an important diagnostic for small
scale turbulence in the ionized medium, giving information about
the power spectrum and amplitude of fluctuations. The theory of
diffraction and refraction is reviewed, as are the main
observations and scintillation regions.
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION
- TURBULENCE AND CHEMICAL INHOMOGENEITY
- Metallicity Fluctuations: Observations
- How Large Should Metallicity Fluctuations
Be?
- Methods of Analysis
- How Do The Metals Enter the Flow?
- Turbulent Concentration of Dust Grains
- Turbulent Washout of Radial Abundance
Gradients
- EFFECTS OF TURBULENCE ON INTERSTELLAR CHEMISTRY
- Turbulent Transport of Chemical Species
- Turbulent Heating
- COSMIC RAY SCATTERING AND ACCELERATION IN A
TURBULENT INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM
- Cosmic Ray Scattering in Magnetic Waves
- Other Scattering Mechanisms
- Cosmic Ray Acceleration
- Generation of Turbulence by Cosmic Rays
- RADIO WAVE SCINTILLATION AS A DIAGNOSTIC FOR ISM
TURBULENCE
- Theory of Diffraction and Refraction in the
ISM
- Observations
- Summary of Scintillation
- SUMMARY AND REFLECTIONS
- REFERENCES
