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Article Contents

ABSTRACT

1.INTRODUCTION

2.ABUNDANCE PATTERNS IN SPIRAL GALAXIES FROM EMISSION-LINE OBJECTS

2.1.Metallicity Gradients In Spiral Disks

2.2.Heavy Element Abundance Ratios In Spiral Disks

3.ABUNDANCE PATTERNS IN GALAXIES FROM STARS

3.1.Milky Way Galaxy

3.2.External Galaxies

4.ABUNDANCE PATTERNS IN SPHEROIDAL SYSTEMS FROM PHOTOMETRIC OBSERVATIONS

4.1.Metallicity Gradients

4.2.Enhanced Light-to-Heavy Element Ratios

4.3.The G Dwarf Problem: a peaked abundance distribution

4.4.Assorted Issues

5.SUMMARY AND SUGGESTIONS

APPENDIX A: ABUNDANCES FROM EMISSION-LINE OBJECTS

APPENDIX B: ABUNDANCES FROM STELLAR SPECTRA

APPENDIX C: ABUNDANCES FROM INTEGRATED LIGHT

REFERENCES