Chapter 4. Dark Matter in the Universe

4.1. Overview

4.1.1. The Virial Theorem

4.2. Evidence for Dark Matter as a Function of Scale Size

4.2.1. The Solar System

4.2.2. The Solar Neighborhood

4.2.3. Galactic Scales

4.3. Other Dark Matter Indicators for Galaxies

4.3.1. Hot Halos Around Elliptical Galaxies

4.3.2. Binary Galaxies

4.3.3. Stellar Population Effects on Mass-to-Light Ratios

4.3.4. Some Measured Values for M / L

4.3.5. Clusters of Galaxies

4.4. The Large Scale Distribution of Dark Matter

4.5. The Inflationary Paradigm and OMEGA = 1

4.6. Dark Matter Candidates and Detection

4.6.1. Normal Baryonic Dark Matter

4.6.2. Exotic Baryonic Dark Matter

4.6.3. Nucleosynthesis Constraints on Baryonic Matter

4.6.4. Non-baryonic Dark Matter

4.6.5. Direct Detection of Dark Matter

4.6.6. The Microlensing Surveys

4.6.7. The Solar Neutrino Experiment

4.7. Further Implications of Dark Matter

4.8. Summary