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Article Contents
- ABSTRACT
- 1.INTRODUCTION AND HISTORICAL
PERSPECTIVE
- 2.LENSING THEORY AS APPLIED TO CLUSTERS
OF GALAXIES
 
- 2.1.General description
 
- 2.2.Gravitational Lens Equation
 
- 2.3.Gravitational Lens Mapping
 
- 2.4.Critical and caustic lines
 
- 2.5.Multiple-images
  
- 2.5.1.Definition
  
- 2.5.2.Multiple-image symmetry
  
- 2.5.3.Examples of
  multiple-image systems
  
- 2.5.4.Multiple-image
  identification
  
- 2.5.5.Multiple-image regions
 
- 2.6.First order shape deformations
 - Shear
 
- 2.7.Mass-sheet degeneracy
 
- 2.8.Higher order shape
 deformations - Flexion
- 3.CONSTRAINING CLUSTER MASS
DISTRIBUTIONS
 
- 3.1.Strong lensing modeling
  
- 3.1.1.Modeling approaches
  
- 3.1.2.From simple to more
  complex mass determinations
  
- 3.1.3.Modeling the various
  cluster mass components
  
- 3.1.4.Bayesian modeling
 
- 3.2.Probing the radial profile of
 the mass in cluster cores
 
- 3.3.Non-Parametric Strong Lensing
 modeling
 
- 3.4.Cluster Weak lensing modeling
  
- 3.4.1.Weak lensing observations
  
- 3.4.2.Galaxy shape measurement
  
- 3.4.3.From galaxy shapes to
  mass maps
  
- 3.4.4.Measuring total mass and
  mass profiles
 
- 3.5.Cluster Triaxiality
- 4.MASS DISTRIBUTION OF CLUSTER SAMPLES
 
- 4.1.Early Work
 
- 4.2.On-going and future cluster
 lensing surveys
 
- 4.3.Targeted cluster surveys
  
- 4.3.1.The Local Cluster
  Substructure Survey (LoCuSS)
  
- 4.3.2.The MAssive Cluster
  Survey
  
- 4.3.3.ESO distant cluster
  survey
  
- 4.3.4.Red-sequence cluster
  surveys
  
- 4.3.5.The Multi-Cluster Treasury: CLASH survey
 
- 4.4.Cluster lenses in wide
 cosmological surveys
  
- 4.4.1.The Sloan Digital Sky
  Survey
  
- 4.4.2.The CFHT-Legacy Survey
  
- 4.4.3.The COSMOS Survey
- 5.CLUSTER LENSES AS NATURE'S TELESCOPES
 
- 5.1.Magnification due to
 Gravitational Lensing
 
- 5.2.Cosmic Telescope Surveys
 
- 5.3.“Lens redshift”
 measurement
 
- 5.4.Lensing Surveys in the
 Sub-millimeter
 
- 5.5.Mid-Infrared Lensing Survey
 
- 5.6.Lensed Extremely Red Objects
 
- 5.7.Lensed Lyman-a Emitters
  
- 5.7.1.Spectroscopic critical
  line mapping
  
- 5.7.2.Narrow-band searches
 
- 5.8.Lyman-break Galaxies
 
- 5.9.Far Infra-Red Lensing Surveys
 
- 5.10.Cluster Lensed Supernovae
- 6.COSMOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS FROM CLUSTER
LENSING
 
- 6.1.Cosmography with
 multiple-images
 
- 6.2.Arc statistics and Primordial
 Non-gaussianity
 
- 6.3.Triplet statistics
- 7.COMPARISON OF OBSERVED LENSING CLUSTER
PROPERTIES WITH THEORETICAL PREDICTIONS
 
- 7.1.Internal structure of cluster
 halos 
 
- 7.2.Mass function of substructure
 in cluster halos 
 
- 7.3.Dynamical evolution of cluster
 halos 
 
- 7.4.Constraints on the nature of
 dark matter 
- 8.FUTURE PROSPECTS
- APPENDIX A: PARAMETRIC MASS
DISTRIBUTIONS USED TO MODEL CLUSTERS
 
- A.1.The Singular Isothermal
 Sphere
 
- A.2.Truncated Isothermal
 Distribution with a Core
 
- A.3.The Navarro-Frenk-White
 Model
 
- A.4.Flexion for the Singular
 Isothermal Sphere
- REFERENCES