PREFACE
INTRODUCTION
OPTICAL OBSERVATIONS
- Catalogs
Redshifts
Richness-the number of galaxies in a cluster
Luminosity function of galaxies
Morphological classification of clusters
Velocity distribution of galaxies
Spatial distribution of galaxies
Cluster masses-the missing mass problem
Dynamics of galaxies in clusters
- Two-body relaxation
Violent relaxation
Ellipsoidal clusters
Dynamical friction
Galactic content of clusters
- cD galaxies
Proportion of spiral, S0, and elliptical
galaxies
Extensions of clustering
- Poor clusters
Superclusters and voids
RADIO OBSERVATIONS
- General radio properties
Correlations between X-ray and radio emission
Head-tail and other distorted radio structures
Cluster radio haloes
Cosmic microwave diminution (Sunyaev-Zel'dovich
effect)
Faraday rotation
21 cm line observations of clusters
X-RAY OBSERVATIONS
- Detections and identifications
X-ray luminosities and luminosity functions
X-ray spectra
- Continuum features in the spectrum
Line features-the 7 keV iron line
Lower energy lines
The spatial distribution of X-ray emission
- X-ray centers, sizes, and masses
X-ray images of clusters and
the morphology of the intracluster gas
Individual clusters
- Coma
Perseus
M87/Virgo
A1367
X-ray-optical correlations
Poor clusters
High redshift clusters and X-ray cluster
evolution
THEORETICAL PROGRESS
- Emission mechanisms
- Inverse Compton emission
Individual stellar X-ray sources
Thermal bremsstrahlung from intracluster gas
Ionization and X-ray emission from hot, diffuse
plasma
- Ionization equilibrium
X-ray emission
Resulting spectra
Heating and cooling of the intracluster gas
- Cooling
Infall and compressional heating
Heating by ejection from galaxies
Heating by galaxy motions
Heating by relativistic electrons
Transport processes
- Mean free paths and equilibration
time-scales
Thermal conduction
Effects of the magnetic field
Viscosity
Diffusion and settling of heavy ions
Convection and mixing
Distribution of the intracluster gas-hydrostatic
models
- Isothermal distributions
Adiabatic and polytropic distributions
More complicated distributions
Empirical gas distributions derived by surface
brightness deconvolution
Total masses and mass distributions in
clusters-the hydrostatic method
Chemically inhomogeneous equilibrium models
Wind models for the intracluster gas
Cooling flows and accretion by cDs
- Cooling flows
Accretion by central galaxies
Thermal instability and optical filamentation
Accretion-driven star formation
Cooling flow models with star formation
Evolution of cooling flows and active
galaxies
X-ray emission from individual galaxies
- Massive haloes around M87 and other central
galaxies
Other models for M87 and other central
galaxies
X-ray emission from noncentral cluster
galaxies
Stripping of gas from galaxies in clusters
The origin and evolution of the intracluster
medium
- Infall models
Ejection from galaxies
PROSPECTS FOR THE FUTURE AND AXAF
REFERENCES
